Freedom, liberty, autonomy
Frank Van Dun
Abstract
Open-access reader
Frank Van Dun
Abstract
Open-access reader
L'Autore, tra i maggiori esponenti mondiali del pensiero libertario, tenta di proporre una articolata ed originale disamina circa la distinzione teorica di alcuni dei termini fondamentali per la filosofia del diritto e la dottrina dello stato attuali: "Freedom, Liberty and Autonomy".Concetti che, partendo tutti dal paradigma dell'Autonomia, sempre caro al Prof. Gentile, solo in apparenza paiono similari, ma che in realtà esprimono diverse letture e, secondo l'Autore, anche diversi ambiti e discipline.E così, sulla base anche di analisi etimologiche e linguistico-comparative e ponendo in relazione questi diversi termini con la legge, lo stato e il diritto naturale, l'Autore riesce a giustificare che "freedom" indica qualcosa di naturale, "liberty" un concetto invece virtuale e "autonomy" qualche cosa di non definito sempre afferente alla natura umana, vera sorgente delle reazioni anche artificiali, e comunque in relazione alla società come un tutto.'Freedom', 'liberty' and 'autonomy' are controversial, contested words, often used interchangeably, yet laden with radically different connotations.In this lecture, I shall use them as labels to distinguish three different concepts.Most European languages have only one word to translate both 'freedom' and 'liberty', e.g., 'libertà' (Italian), 'liberté' (French), 'libertad' (Spanish), 'Freiheit' (German), 'frihet' (Swedish), and 'vrijheid' (Dutch).Moreover, many English and American writers use 'freedom' and 'liberty' as if they were synonyms.1 Looking at the etymological references (which can be found in most good dictionaries) for these words, we find, however, that 'freedom' and 'liberty' point to different contexts of life and action.Understanding the differences between those contexts is the key to eliminating the terminological confusion often encountered in discussions of freedom and liberty. 1 1 Nevertheless, more or less subtle differences should be noted.There is no adjective that corresponds to 'liberty' as 'free' corresponds to 'freedom': a liberal person is not the same as a free person.Being free is different from being at liberty or having the liberty.I may be free to vote because I have no obligations that would make it impossible for me to go to the ballot, but even so, I may not be at liberty to vote either because voting is compulsory or because I am not registered as a voter.
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L'Autore, tra i maggiori esponenti mondiali del pensiero libertario, tenta di proporre una articolata ed originale disamina circa la distinzione teorica di alcuni dei termini fondamentali per la filosofia del diritto e la dottrina dello stato attuali: "Freedom, Liberty and Autonomy".Concetti che, partendo tutti dal paradigma dell'Autonomia, sempre caro al Prof. Gentile, solo in apparenza paiono similari, ma che in realtà esprimono diverse letture e, secondo l'Autore, anche diversi ambiti e discipline.E così, sulla base anche di analisi etimologiche e linguistico-comparative e ponendo in relazione questi diversi termini con la legge, lo stato e il diritto naturale, l'Autore riesce a giustificare che "freedom" indica qualcosa di naturale, "liberty" un concetto invece virtuale e "autonomy" qualche cosa di non definito sempre afferente alla natura umana, vera sorgente delle reazioni anche artificiali, e comunque in relazione alla società come un tutto.'Freedom', 'liberty' and 'autonomy' are controversial, contested words, often used interchangeably, yet laden with radically different connotations.In this lecture, I shall use them as labels to distinguish three different concepts.Most European languages have only one word to translate both 'freedom' and 'liberty', e.g., 'libertà' (Italian), 'liberté' (French), 'libertad' (Spanish), 'Freiheit' (German), 'frihet' (Swedish), and 'vrijheid' (Dutch).Moreover, many English and American writers use 'freedom' and 'liberty' as if they were synonyms.1 Looking at the etymological references (which can be found in most good dictionaries) for these words, we find, however, that 'freedom' and 'liberty' point to different contexts of life and action.Understanding the differences between those contexts is the key to eliminating the terminological confusion often encountered in discussions of freedom and liberty. 1 1 Nevertheless, more or less subtle differences should be noted.There is no adjective that corresponds to 'liberty' as 'free' corresponds to 'freedom': a liberal person is not the same as a free person.Being free is different from being at liberty or having the liberty.I may be free to vote because I have no obligations that would make it impossible for me to go to the ballot, but even so, I may not be at liberty to vote either because voting is compulsory or because I am not registered as a voter.
Key concepts: Autonomy, Political science, Law, Law and economics, Sociology