2015•Iranian Journal of Blood and CancerOpen access

Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome Misdiagnosed as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis; A Case Report

Hassan Abolghasemi, Ehsan Shahverdi, Fardin Dolatimehr, R Mehdi Oghli

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Abstract

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) is a rare inherited disorder of apoptosis. It usually presents with chronic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and symptomatic cytopenia in a child. Herein, we report a 14-year-old boy with symptoms misdiagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis who was treated before ALPS was diagnosed for the patient. This case should alert pediatricians to consider ALPS in differential diagnosis of a child with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and cytopenia.

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What this paper is about

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) is a rare inherited disorder of apoptosis. It usually presents with chronic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and symptomatic cytopenia in a child. Herein, we report a 14-year-old boy with symptoms misdiagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis who was treated before ALPS was diagnosed for the patient. This case should alert pediatricians to consider ALPS in differential diagnosis of a child with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and cytopenia.

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Available abstract

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) is a rare inherited disorder of apoptosis. It usually presents with chronic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and symptomatic cytopenia in a child. Herein, we report a 14-year-old boy with symptoms misdiagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis who was treated before ALPS was diagnosed for the patient. This case should alert pediatricians to consider ALPS in differential diagnosis of a child with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and cytopenia.

Key concepts: Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, Cytopenia, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Medicine, Pediatrics, Differential diagnosis, Immunology, Dermatology

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