RELACIÓN ENTRE ÍNDICES DE EL NIÑO/LA NIÑA (ENSO) Y EL BRILLO SOLAR EN LA ZONA CAFETERA COLOMBIANA

The Pacific sea surfaces temperature fluctuation that induces the El Nino/La Nina – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events is evaluated by means of indices like the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI). This work make a correlation analysis between these indices and the sunshine measured in 15 weather stations placed in the Colombian Coffee zone from south to north of the country. The historical series analyzed include data from 1953 to 2010 on a monthly level. The results indicate that both the ONI and the MEI show similar correlation coefficients with the sunshine in the Colombian coffee zone under study, the correlation indices are statistical significant for all the stations for the periods: December to February and June to August, but with differences among stations and number of months., The higher correlation zone and the higher number of months with significant correlations coefficients are placed in the central mountain chain in both hill slopes sides, without any influence of the elevation or latitude, and the places and months with lower correlations coefficients are placed in the north of the country in the departments like Cesar and Norte de Santander .