Forage production potential and economics of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping under rainfed conditions

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy seasons (kharif) of 1999, 2000 and 2001, to study the pro- duction potential and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) + cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] inter- cropping under rainfed conditions. Pooled analysis of data indicated that intercropping of maize and cowpea in the row proportion of 2:2 recorded significantly higher total green fodder (338.3 qlha), dry matter (83.0 qlha) and crude protein yield (10.3 qlha) as well as net returns (Rs 8,3461ha) over other treatments. However, benefit : cost ratio for maize (sole) was higher (1.78) than the other treatment except maize+cowpea planted in the row ratio of 2:l (2.04), 2:2 (2.21) and mixed seed in the same row (1:l) (1.89). Monetary advantage ranged from Rs 38 with in- tercropping of maize and cowpea in the row ratio of 1 :4 to Rs 2,427 (check) under maize + cowpea (2:2) and was negative with intercropping of maize and cowpea in a row ratio of 1:l and 1:2 land-equivalent ratio was more than 1 in all intercropping systems except maize and cowpea planted in the row ratio of 1 :I and 1 :2 maximum be- ing with maize + cowpea (2:2) intercropping system (LER 1.41).