Characterization of Krachai-Dam (Kaempferia parviflora) cultivars using AFLP markers

Twelve collected Krachai-Dam (Kaempferia parviflora) cultivars from commercial cultivated area in Loei, Phitsanulok and Phetchabun were grown in 2003 at Phurua Highland Agricultural Experiment Station, Phurua, Loei. They were studied using amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) markers, 34 selected AFLP primer combinations produced 147 polymorphic markers. Results were analysed for a similarity among the cultivars, and an unweighted pair group method cluster analysis was performed. The analysis revealed that the cultivars could be divided into 2 main groups: Green leaves and Red leaves groups, which also divided into 6 subgroups. The dendrogram showed good relationship between the banding patterns of Krachai-Dam cultivars and the morphological traits of leaves, petioles and rhizomes especially the internal skin color of rhizomes. In addition, the relationship between the banding patterns and their quantities of chemical components in essential oil, total phenolic and flavonoids compounds, and pharmacological activity of Krachai-Dam rhizomes, were obviously.