A conceptual framework for rural out-migration and agriculture

Research is a planned and organized effort with proper framework that conceptualized ideas of research involve in a specific research. A conceptual framework leads researcher for establishing relationship between response and predicted variable. Migration is a complex phenomenon and it varies location to location based on socio-economic status of the residents at both place of origin and place of destination. Rural out-migration has both positive and negative impacts on agriculture and rural economy. Recently all the Indian states are experiencing labour shortage in agriculture because of rural out-migration of labour. This paper is based on literature and field survey conducted in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh during May to October, 2011. There are 360 respondents interviewed from both migrant (MH) and Non-migrant household (NMH). Study reveals that four main factors influence rural out-migration and agriculture in rural areas. These are economic, social, environmental and MGNREGA. These factors are not mutually exclusive. This framework has been developed based on responses of the respondents and available literature.