Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Antibacterial activity of Glossocardia bosvallia (Linn. f.) Dc. -An Important Ayurvedic Medicinal Herb

The present study was carried to find out the phytochemical constituents and anti-bacterial activity of the whole plant extract of Glossocardia bosvallia. All the crude extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts were analysed to know the phytochemical constituents by the standard procedure and antibacterial activity was screened by disc diffusion method. The result of the present investigation for phytochemical constituents revealed that the presence of tannin, coumarin, saponin, terpenoid, steroid/phytosterols and gum/mucilage as major compounds in various extracts. Whereas fixed oils showed the presence in all the four petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts. The antibacterial activity showed the highest zone of inhibition in methanol extract Staphylococcus aureus (32±1.6), Streptococcus faecalis (29.3±1.2) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.7±1.2). Aqueous extract had significant activity against Salmonella paratyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.3±1.2) also various tested human pathogenic bacteria. The petroleum ether and chloroform extract showed least activity against all tested pathogens. The plant extract of Glossocardia bosvallia has potent of bioactive compounds that could be responsible for their prospective antibacterial activity.