Journal Review: Keratoconus

Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory, self-limiting ectasia of the axial portion of the cornea. It is characterized by progressive thinning and steepening of the central cornea. As the cornea steepens and thins, the patient experiences a decrease in vision which can be mild or severe depending on the amount of corneal tissue affected. It has no known cure, and many people do not even know they have it because it begins as nearsightedness and astigmatism. It is a progressive disorder that may progress rapidly or sometimes take years to develop. It can severely affect the way we see the world, including simple tasks such as driving, watching TV, or just reading a book. Some keratoconus patients have described their vision as being “blind with light.” Keratoconus management entails a thorough clinical assessment in order to come up with the right diagnosis which is needed in order to monitor progression of the condition over time. Thus, this journal review tackles the profound clinical impact of this disease and the extensive research regarding its diagnosis, management and the form of treatment necessary, thereby recommending the best course of treatment and optimizes the patient’s visual function.