Vertical externalities in the provision of public inputs

This paper studies the provision of public inputs in a federal system. A vertical tax externality is also considered. A simple general equilibrium model is used to analyze the efficiency of the equilibria under different scenarios. The results show that the state provision of public inputs may affect ambiguously federal tax revenues, depending on vertical tax externality, among others things. Moreover, it is proved that achieving a second best allocation is not straightforward for a federal government that plays a Stackelberg leader.