Effects of mycorhiza and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, nutrients uptake and physiological characteristics in Calendula officinalis L.

3 Abstract: Calendula officinalis Linn. (Asteraceae) is used medicinally in Europe, China and India amongst several places in the world. It is also known as African marigold. It has been a subject of several chemical and pharmacological studies. Effects of biological Fertilizers were analyzed on growth parameters, nutrients uptake and psychological characteristics of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and four replicates. Inoculation treatments were included strains of Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, Arbescular Mychoriza (AM) and the combined composition of them. The results showed that marigold seeds inoculated with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) extremely increased the growth parameters such as the growth dry weights of shoot and root, photosynthetic pigments, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves and roots.