Chemical composition and biological activities of Ficus capensis leaves extracts

The leaves of Ficus capensis were investigated for the phytochemicals, antioxidant, anti-inflammation and antibacterial pr operties. Three samples were evaluated; E.O (essential oils) MWE (methanol ‐ waters extract) and WE (water extract). The contents of bioactive components were quantified and identified by GC/ MS, UV - spectrophotometer and RP-HPLC. The antioxidant capacities were measured using ABTS and DPPH assay expressed as IC 50 (µg/ml).The anti inflammation properties was quantified by the NO in hibition and the antimicrobial by the disk diffusion method. The major compounds identify in E.O are carvacrol (65.78%), �- caryophyllene (29.81), caryophyllene oxide (25.70 %), linalool (3.97%), 3-tetradecanone (2.90 %), geranylacetone (1.20), 3, 7,11-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-6;10dodecadiene-1-yl acetate (1.53 %), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (1.21 %), �caryophyllene (0.81 %), 2-methyl-3-hexyne (0.69 %) and scytalone (0.69%). The total phenolics, total flavonoids, total anthocyani ns and condensed tannins evaluate were (16.47mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE), 6.92 mg catechin equivalent (CE), 9.52 mg cyaniding glucosyl equivalent (CgE), and 4.21 mg catechin equivalent (CE) / gm dw (dry weight) of plant material respectively. Que rcetin dihydrat (4.48 mg/ml) and protocathechuic acid (1.46 mg/ ml) were the major c ompounds identify. The IC 50 value was 10.25 µg/ ml. The results show that these extracts have good antioxidant and antiinflammation properties. The anti microbial analyses suggest that F. capensis can be used in treatment of diseases caused by E. coli and Bacillus subtillis.