Soil Erosion Intensity and Runoff on the Djuricka River Basin (North of Montenegro)

Ecological factors, which are the basis for the calculation of soil erosion, are included in the simulation model. Social aspects, such as the attitude of farmers towards practising environmentally sustainable land use techniques, are difficult to analyse because of lack of data and the level of difficulty inherent in connecting natural, economic, and social data together. At the level of the river basin, the use of an IntErO model allowed the quantification of the environmental effects of erosion and the land use planning measures. Maximal outflow (incidence of 100 years) from the river basin Q max , is 240 m 3 /s suggests the possibility of a large flood. The strength of the erosion process was medium, and the erosion type was mixed erosion. The predicted soil losses were 645 m³/km 2 per year. To support the faster renewal of the vegetation and slow down the erosion processes, biological protection measures need to be applied, together with technical ones, notably by using shoulders and ditches to partition water fluxes at the land surface. These would reduce runoff velocity and further support reforestation and the renewal of grass, shrubs and trees.