Co-detección de Patógenos Periodontales en Pacientes Chilenos con Periodontitis Crónica Co-detection of Periodontal Pathogens in Chilean Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Periodontal disease associated with dental plaque is a major public health problem. The etiology of these disorders is multifactorial involved seeing host factors, environmental factors and infectious nature associated with the presence of bacteria belonging to the plaque. The main bacteria associated with chronic periodontitis are Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, while Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is mainly associated with aggressive periodontitis. Another key organism in the development of the disease is Fusobacterium nucleatum, which has the ability to co-aggregate with other periodontal pathogen. To demonstrate the prevalence of these bacteria and the association between chilean smokers and nonsmokers patients, 67 samples were analyzed by conventional PCR. The results showed that 90% of the samples were positive for F. nucleatum being the most commonly detected bacteria. By analyzing the co-detection between different bacteria shows that F. nucleatum is present in more than 80% of cases when it detects any of the four remaining bacteria, which lie A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in no more than 20% by amplifying any remaining bacteria. Moreover the results by gender indicate that significant differences exist in the detection of T. forsythia, F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans. In considering the factor of smoking was observed that none of the samples from smokers was found to be positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans. Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(3); 118-122, 2010.