Use of citation forms in academic texts by writers in the L1 &L 2 context

This study investigates use of citation forms in 30 scientific research articles in biology, chemistry and physics written by writers in L1 and L2 contexts. Citation forms were divided into integral (citation outside brackets) and non-integral (citation inside brackets). Integral citation was further categorized into subject position, non-subject position and noun phrase such as “according to”. Findings show that although a few papers were cited in integral citation across the disciplines, writers in the L2 context mainly employed them in a subject position, while writers in the L1 context spread them over three positions creating a stylistic variation.