Antimicrobial and GC-MS Analysis of Memecylon edule Leaf Extracts

Memecylon edule (L.) is belongs to Melastomataceae family used in many folkloremedicines. The present study was focused on different solvent (methanol, acetone, ethylacetate, chloroform and hexane) leaf extracts of M. edule were evaluated for theirantimicrobial potential and bioactive components (ethyl acetate extract) were analyzed byGC-MS. The antimicrobial activity was done by well in agar and disc diffusion methodsagainst four fungal pathogens and 17 bacterial pathogens include 5 reference (MTCC) strains. `The results show all these extracts exhibited different degree of antimicrobial activity ontested organisms. Agar well diffusion method, contributed superior antimicrobial activitythan disc diffusion method. The maximum antimicrobial activity was exhibited in ethylacetate extract against Streptococcus pneumoniae (MTCC 655) (32 mm) with minimuminhibitory concentration (MIC) concentrations of 62.5 µg/ml and minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC) of 1 mg/ml with 5 CFU followed by acetone extract. In disc diffusionmethod, the ethyl acetate extract shows maximum antibacterial potential against S.pneumoniae (MTCC 655) (25 mm), Salmonella typhimurium 1 (MTCC 98) (25 mm)followed by acetone extract (against S. pneumoniae (MTCC 655) (22 mm), S. typhimurium 1(MTCC 98) (22 mm)). Most of the tested extracts were show nil or least activity on fungalpathogens in both methods. The maximum antifungal activity was observed in ethyl acetateextract against Mucor racemosus (11 mm). The GC-MS profile of ethyl acetate extract of M.edule showed 26 major compounds (peaks) with different parentage of peak values. Amongthem, steric acid was predominant (20.19%) constituent. The results from this investigationencourage M. edule extracts may be used in treatment of diseases caused by pathogenicmicroorganisms.