Discharge features of rural domestic wastewater from different types of villages in water source protection area in Miyun reservoir of Beijing.

Water quality of Miyun Reservoir in Beijing, an important surface drinking water source area, trends to medium eutrophication. Rural domestic wastewater has become one of important pollution sources of Miyun Reservoir, owing to the low level of sewage collection and treatment. Three types of villages in this water source protection area including the ordinary village, eco-tourism village and village where the town government locates were selected to study discharge amount, composition, temporal variation and emission coefficient of rural domestic wastewater by in-door survey and sample analyzing. The results showed that there were different amount of wastewater discharge and structures in different types of villages. The wastewater discharge of eco-tourism village was much higher than other two villages. Kitchen wastewater, bath wastewater and laundry wastewater constituted major parts of rural wastewater. There was a large percentage of wastewater from fishpond in eco-tourism village. The wastewater discharge amount varied from different seasons and period of the daily time. The wastewater discharge amount from eco-tourism villages in summer and autumn were higher, about 2~4 times than that amount in winter and spring. The wastewater discharge from ordinary village and township in summer was 2~3 times than that amount in any other seasons. The per capita wastewater emission coefficient of the eco-tourism village was the highest at 118.06 L·d-1, which was 4~5 times than that of other two types of villages. The per capita wastewater emission coefficient of the ordinary village was the lowest. The concentration of total phosphorus(TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia (NH4+-N) were rather higher. The concentration of COD related closely to the type of wastewater, not to the type of village.