Efficacy of long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine at high dosage for basal-bolus insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Attempts to achieve strict glycemic control with basal-bolus insulin therapy required increased dosages of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. However, high dosage of NPH insulin often occurs nocturnal hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine can simulate normal basal insulin secretion with its flat time-action profiles. To confirm the efficacy of insulin glargine we investigated the type 2 diabetic patients on basal-bolus insulin therapy whose basal insulin was switched from NPH insulin to insulin glargine. METHODS: The Japanese 400 patients with type 2 diabetes on basal-bolus insulin therapy whose basal insulin was switched from NPH insulin to insulin glargine were followed-up. After the switching, the basal insulin was increased with reference to the self-monitoring of blood glucose results, with the aim of maintaining fasting blood sugar (FBS) level at 110 mg/dL, and simultaneously reducing the bolus insulin dosage to maintain the total daily insulin dosage. RESULTS: We were able to lower FBS significantly with almost no serious hypoglycemia. HbA1c also improved significantly. The improvements in FBS and HbA1c levels did not require a significant increase in the total insulin dosage. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that basal insulin supplementation using insulin glargine is a useful method to control not only FBS but also HbA1c.