Chiasmata and chromosome breakages are related to crossing over in Drosophila ananassae males

A cytogenetic analysis of male crossing over in Drosophila ananassae revealed that cytological exchanges resulted in genetic crossing over, and that chiasma frequency and the genetic recombination correlated positively in chromosomes 2 and 3. Furthermore, the frequency of chromosome breakages correlated positively with chiasma frequency. Paracentric inversion heterozygosity had no detectable influence on the chromosome pairing or exchange events within the inversion loop at meiosis. Scoring of the chiasma demonstrated that males homozygous for the previously mapped enhancers of male crossing over had low frequencies of chiasmata, whereas higher frequencies of chiasmata were observed in males heterozygous for enhancers. The results presented here indicate that the genetic factors controlling male crossing over are involved in the origin of chromosome breakages and in exchange events.