Systematic review: the model for end‐stage liver disease – should it replace Child‐Pugh's classification for assessing prognosis in cirrhosis?

BACKGROUND: Prognosis in cirrhotic patients has had a resurgence of interest because of liver transplantation and new therapies for complications of end-stage cirrhosis. The model for end-stage liver disease score is now used for allocation in liver transplantation waiting lists, replacing Child-Turcotte-Pugh score. However, there is debate as whether it is better in other settings of cirrhosis. AIM: To review studies comparing the accuracy of model for end-stage liver disease score vs. Child-Turcotte-Pugh score in non-transplant settings. RESULTS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt studies (with 1360 cirrhotics) only one of five, showed model for end-stage liver disease to be superior to Child-Turcotte-Pugh to predict 3-month mortality, but not for 12-month mortality. Prognosis of cirrhosis studies (with 2569 patients) none of four showed significant differences between the two scores for either short- or long-term prognosis whereas no differences for variceal bleeding studies (with 411 cirrhotics). Modified Child-Turcotte-Pugh score, by adding creatinine, performed similarly to model for end-stage liver disease score. Hepatic encephalopathy and hyponatraemia (as an index of ascites), both components of Child-Turcotte-Pugh score, add to the prognostic performance of model for end-stage liver disease score. CONCLUSIONS: Based on current literature, model for end-stage liver disease score does not perform better than Child-Turcotte-Pugh score in non-transplant settings. Modified Child-Turcotte-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores need further evaluation.