2013•The Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal JusticeRequires access

Hate Crime—Sexual Orientation

Shane M. Dixon

Abstract

Abstract Hate crimes are crimes of intolerance and bigotry that are committed to hurt and intimidate protected classes including race, ethnicity, national origin, sexual orientation, or disability, with bias being a motivational factor. Hate crimes are more likely than non‐hate crimes to be violent crimes, with 84% of all hate crimes falling into the categories of sexual assault, robbery, aggravated or simple assault, compared to only 23% of non‐hate crimes.

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Available abstract

Key concepts: Hate crime, Sexual orientation, Criminology, Sexual assault, Ethnic group, Psychology, Race (biology), Violent crime