Fenomenologia na drodze myślowej Martina Heideggera

Phenomenology in the 20th century is connected with the philosophy of EdmundHusserl. The starting point of his philosophy is the assumption of correlation ofconsciousness and the world. The basic concept of intentionality of consciousnessindicates that consciousness is always consciousness of something. So everyBeing of beings is only insofar, as it is based on experiencing, perceptive, thinkingconsciousness. Accordingly, the world is a correlate of consciousness.Phenomenology is not the starting point and not the source of the thinking ofMartin Heidegger. The philosophical thought of Heidegger has its roots in theologyand in his early fascination for the ontology. The path of thinking of Heideggerleads through the phenomenology and through the fundamental ontology into thethinking of Being.In his „Logical Investigations” Husserl laid the foundations for thephenomenological philosophy. Heidegger was always impressed by this work,but he could not understand and accept the equalization of phenomenology withtranscendental philosophy. In phenomenology, especially in the principle „to thethings themselves”, Heidegger saw an excellent possibility for philosophy and formetaphysical thinking.For ten years Heidegger was the leader among the young phenomenologistsin Freiburg, and his major role was acknowledged by Husserl. Later, their ways ofthinking diverged.Heidegger dealt with the phenomenology throughout all his life. With hismain work „Being and Time” he replaced Husserl as the leading figure of thephenomenological philosophy. Heidegger criticizes Husserl, that he has not drawnthe ontological conclusions from the phenomenology. He always regretted that theymisunderstood each other and at the end their contact was broken off.