Calculation of attenuations and phase shifts due to melting layer

The specific attenuation and specific phase shift in the melting layer, the average specific attenuation and average specific phase shift of the melting layer, and the related zenith excess of attenuation, phase shift, differential attenuation and differential phase shift are calculated over a frequency range of 1-100 GHz for rain rates below 12.5 mm/h. The numerical results have been computed for oblate spheroidal melting particles and five drop size distributions. These new results can be used in the design of earth-space communications systems.