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2011•Nuclear FusionOpen access

Progress towards ignition on the National Ignition Facility

J. D. Lindl, L. J. Atherton, P.A. Amednt, S. H. Batha, P. M. Bell, R. L. Berger, R. Betti, D. L. Bleuel, T. R. Boehly, D. K. Bradley, D. G. Braun, D. A. Callahan, P. M. Celliers, C. Cerjan, D. S. Clark, G. W. Collins, Robert Cook, E. L. Dewald, L. Divol, S. N. Dixit, E. G. Dzenitis, M. J. Edwards, J. Fair, Renée T. Fortner, J. A. Frenje, V. Yu. Glebov, S. H. Glenzer, G. P. Grim, S. W. Haan, A. V. Hamza, B. A. Hammel, D. R. Harding, S. P. Hatchett, Christopher A. Haynam, H. W. Herrmann, Mark Herrmann, D. G. Hicks, D. E. Hinkel, D. Ho, N. M. Hoffman, H. Huang, N. Izumi, B. A. Jacoby, O. S. Jones, D. H. Kalantar, R. L. Kauffman, J. D. Kilkenny, R. K. Kirkwood, J. L. Kline, J. P. Knauer, Joachim Koch, B. J. Kozioziemski, G. A. Kyrala, K. La Fortune, O. L. Landen, David J. Larson, R. A. Lerche, S. Le Pape, Richard A. London, B. J. MacGowan, A. J. Mackinnon, T. N. Malsbury, E. R. Mapoles, M. M. Marinak, P. W. McKenty, N. B. Meezan, D. D. Meyerhofer, P. Michel, J. L. Milovich, J. D. Moody, M. J. Moran, K. A. Moreno, E. I. Moses, D. H. Munro, A. Nikroo, Richard E. Olson, T. Parham, R. W. Patterson, Kyle Peterson, R. D. Petrasso, S. M. Pollaine, J. E. Ralph, S. P. Regan, H. F. Robey, M. D. Rosen, R. Sacks, J. D. Salmonson, T. C. Sangster, S. M. Sepke, Dieter Schneider, M. B. Schneider, Michael Shaw, B. K. Spears, P. T. Springer, C. Stöeckl, L. J. Suter, C. A. Thomas, R. Tommasini, R. P. J. Town, B. VanWonterghem, R. A. Vesey, S. V. Weber, Paul J. Wegner, K. Widman, C. Widmayer, M. D. Wilke, H. L. Wilkens, E. A. Williams, D. C. Wilson, B. K. Young

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Abstract

The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was formally dedicated in May 2009. The hohlraum energetics campaign with all 192 beams began shortly thereafter and ran until early December 2009. These experiments explored hohlraum-operating regimes in preparation for experiments with layered cryogenic targets. The hohlraum energetic series culminated with an experiment that irradiated an ignition scale hohlraum with 1 MJ. The results demonstrated the ability to produce a 285 eV radiation environment in an ignition scale hohlraum while meeting ignition requirements for symmetry, backscatter and hot electron production. Complementary scaling experiments indicate that with ∼1.3 MJ, the capsule drive temperature will reach 300 eV, the point design temperature for the first ignition campaign. Preparation for cryo-layered implosions included installation of a variety of nuclear diagnostics, cryogenic layering target positioner, advanced optics and facility modifications needed for tritium operations and for routine operation at laser energy greater than 1.3 MJ. The first cyro-layered experiment was carried out on 29 September 2010. The main purpose of this shot was to demonstrate the ability to integrate all of the laser, target and diagnostic capability needed for a successful cryo-layered experiment. This paper discusses the ignition point design as well as findings and conclusions from the hohlraum energetics campaign carried out in 2009. It also provides a brief summary of the initial cryo-layered implosion.

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The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was formally dedicated in May 2009. The hohlraum energetics campaign with all 192 beams began shortly thereafter and ran until early December 2009. These experiments explored hohlraum-operating regimes in preparation for experiments with layered cryogenic targets. The hohlraum energetic series culminated with an experiment that irradiated an ignition scale hohlraum with 1 MJ. The results demonstrated the ability to produce a 285 eV radiation environment in an ignition scale hohlraum while meeting ignition requirements for symmetry, backscatter and hot electron production. Complementary scaling experiments indicate that with ∼1.3 MJ, the capsule drive temperature will reach 300 eV, the point design temperature for the first ignition campaign. Preparation for cryo-layered implosions included installation of a variety of nuclear diagnostics, cryogenic layering target positioner, advanced optics and facility modifications needed for tritium operations and for routine operation at laser energy greater than 1.3 MJ. The first cyro-layered experiment was carried out on 29 September 2010. The main purpose of this shot was to demonstrate the ability to integrate all of the laser, target and diagnostic capability needed for a successful cryo-layered experiment. This paper discusses the ignition point design as well as findings and conclusions from the hohlraum energetics campaign carried out in 2009. It also provides a brief summary of the initial cryo-layered implosion.

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Available abstract

The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was formally dedicated in May 2009. The hohlraum energetics campaign with all 192 beams began shortly thereafter and ran until early December 2009. These experiments explored hohlraum-operating regimes in preparation for experiments with layered cryogenic targets. The hohlraum energetic series culminated with an experiment that irradiated an ignition scale hohlraum with 1 MJ. The results demonstrated the ability to produce a 285 eV radiation environment in an ignition scale hohlraum while meeting ignition requirements for symmetry, backscatter and hot electron production. Complementary scaling experiments indicate that with ∼1.3 MJ, the capsule drive temperature will reach 300 eV, the point design temperature for the first ignition campaign. Preparation for cryo-layered implosions included installation of a variety of nuclear diagnostics, cryogenic layering target positioner, advanced optics and facility modifications needed for tritium operations and for routine operation at laser energy greater than 1.3 MJ. The first cyro-layered experiment was carried out on 29 September 2010. The main purpose of this shot was to demonstrate the ability to integrate all of the laser, target and diagnostic capability needed for a successful cryo-layered experiment. This paper discusses the ignition point design as well as findings and conclusions from the hohlraum energetics campaign carried out in 2009. It also provides a brief summary of the initial cryo-layered implosion.

Key concepts: Hohlraum, National Ignition Facility, Ignition system, Implosion, Nuclear engineering, Nova (rocket), Inertial confinement fusion, National laboratory

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