Modern Concept of Etiology and Pathogenesis of Peptic Ulcer. Disorders of the Regulating Mechanisms

The authors distinguish 3 groups of main factors which condition the development of peptic ulcer: neural, hormonal, and local.In the group of neural factors exceptionally great significance attaches to the disturbances of the hypothalamus and the vagus. The role of the hypophysis-adrenal cortex system is discussed. Various characteristics of alterations in this system are emphasized in peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.Among local factors the greatest attention is paid to the structural alterations of the living mucous membranes of the stomach and duodenum.The authors believe that there are two forms of peptic ulcer: ulcer of the stomach and ulcer of the duodenum.