Innovation in the building sector - promoting energy efficiency in Sweden and Denmark

This thesis investigates the innovation of solutions promoting increased energy efficiency in the building sector in Sweden and Denmark using an innovation systems perspective. On the basis of a research matrix focused on key pre-requisites for innovation, namely, access to knowledge, access to resources, and the formation of markets, the dynamics of innovation in the building sector is examined. Through a literature review and empirical findings, interactions between actors and mechanisms underlying innovation are mapped and the role of national, sectoral and regional innovation systems is discussed in terms of factors constraining and enabling innovation. Potential opportunities and solutions are examined and the possible practical application of elements promoting innovation is illustrated in the case of the Danish and Swedish cross-border region of Øresund. The research indicates that generic innovation models are insufficient in capturing the complexity of innovation processes in the sector, especially in light of the added complexity connected to the issue of environmental innovation. While the investigation shows that an innovation systems perspective is a valuable tool for understanding and analysing the case of energy efficiency in the built environment, it also indicates that other factors lying outside the typical innovation systems perspective scope are crucial. In conclusion, it is argued that there may be a considerable innovation potential in this area and that systematic efforts to address constraints and stimulate innovation could lead to the development of increased growth and competitive advantage.