Neurobiological Measures of Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Defining an Inhibitory Endophenotype?

OBJECTIVE: Subjects with schizotypal personality disorder demonstrate deficits in inhibition when assessed on prepulse inhibition, P50 suppression, and antisaccade paradigms. This study determined if distinct subgroups of subjects with schizotypal personality disorder could be identified on the basis of performance on these measures and whether endophenotypes could be defined for future genetic study by using measures of inhibitory function. METHOD: Prepulse inhibition, P50 suppression, and antisaccade paradigms were assessed in 21 subjects with schizotypal personality disorder. RESULTS: Seven subjects with schizotypal personality disorder had deficits on each paradigm; seven had no deficits on any paradigm. P50 and antisaccade deficits were present in five of the same subjects and significantly correlated. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that P50 and antisaccade performance reflects a common endophenotype and that prepulse inhibition identifies a separate endophenotype reflecting different neurobiological substrate(s) in subjects with schizotypal personality disorder. This pattern may generalize to schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients.