Ionic composition of terrestrial surface waters in Maritime Antarctic and the processes involved in formation

Abstract The qualitative and quantitative composition of major ions and nutrient compounds in surface waters and soils of the west coast of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, West Antarctica) was investigated together with the effect of soil-forming processes and atmospheric precipitation on the ionic composition of surface waters. In the water bodies studied, Cl - and Na + were dominant major ions (average concentrations: 1102.2 and 930.9 μM, respectively). Average concentrations of the other major anions ranged from 2.80 μM (F - ) to 81.64 μM (SO 4 2- ) and major cations ranged from 12.46 μM (K + ) to 130.76 μM (Mg 2+ ). Average concentrations of total reactive phosphorus, N-NO 2 - , N-NO 3 - and N-NH 4 + amounted to 1.374, 0.410, 6.299 and 1.490 μM, respectively. Average concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, K, N and P in the surface layer of the soil equalled 16.8, 15.9, 6.4, 3.6, 0.646 and 0.744 g kg -1 , respectively. The calculated Na + /Cl - , Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ /Na + and HCO 3 - /Cl - ratios revealed that atmospheric precipitation was the main source of major ions. We conclude that the ionic composition of the waters of the western coast of Admiralty Bay differ from surface waters of Continental Antarctica.