Implementation of an 8-bit embedded microprocessor for smart cards

In this paper, an 8-bit microprocessor for smart cards is introduced. The required features of the microprocessor and the structure of each unit are given. Microprocessor test, physical implementation and the final chip performance are presented. The final chip area is about 0.9 mm /spl times/ 0.9 mm and the power dissipation under a clock frequency of 10 MHz is about 3.28 mW.