Consensus Analysis for a Class of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems with Time Delay Based on Frequency Domain Method

The consensus problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems composed of first‐order and second‐order agent is investigated. A linear consensus protocol is proposed. Based on frequency domain method, the sufficient conditions of achieving consensus are obtained. If communication topology contains spanning tree and some conditions can be satisfied on control gains, consensus can be achieved. Then, a linear consensus protocol with time delay is proposed. In this case, consensus is dependent only on system coupling strength, each agent input time delay, but independent of communication delay. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical result.