GNSS Evolutionary Architecture for Civil Aviation Utilization

The continuing growth of aviation places increased demands on airspace capacity and emphasizes the need for the optimum utilization of the available airspace, which demands the navigation system being especially reliable after an aircraft approach has commenced. Navigation technology development in GPS from USA, Compass in China, and Galileo in Europe provides the foundation for aviation's global evolution. Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of navigation that permits aircraft operation on any desired flight path and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) is a statement of the navigation performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined airspace. All elements of communication, navigation, surveillance (CNS), and air traffic management (ATM) are combined into a CNS/ATM-based system in which RNP/RNAV provides the path for this transition. On the other hand, GNSS evolutionary architecture (GEA) and updated requirements need to be studied. In this paper, analysis and detailed differences between RNAV/RNP toward navigation specifications are first carried out, then key technologies in GEA study panel (GEAS) including three candidates such as GIC, RRAIM, and ARAIM are studied; at last corresponding algorithm and basic architecture are proposed to test the capability of ARAIM implementation with frequency diversity. The idea discussed in this paper is suitable for the development of satellite navigation utilization in civil aviation and helps determine future air traffic management policy.