Bone Marrow Trephine Biopsy in Hematological Disorders

Examination of the structure and cellular composition of bone marrow is essential for diagnostic purposes in wide variety of disorders affecting the hematopoietic system.1 The aims of study were diagnosis of hemato- logical disorders, for staging of hematological malignancy and to compare bone marrow trephine biopsy with that of bone marrow aspiration. Total sixty bone marrow trephine biopsy of patients with haematological disordes were done. In present study common etiology are acute leukemia (36.6%), chronic leukemia (21.6%) and anaemia (20%). The use of biopsy avoids misinterpretation of cellularity by smears in 40% of patients in whom biopsy confirmed a normocellular, hypocellular or hypercellular marrow. In present study chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL) had 7 cases out of 13 cases of chronic leukemia out of which 2 cases(28.5%) had pattern of bone marrow involvement was of diffuse type. Bone marrow biopsy is superior than aspiration for the assessment of cellularity and diagnosis of certain haematological conditions mostly Hypoplastic/ Aplastic marrow, Myelofibrosis, Leukemia and marrow involve- ment by Lymphomatous infiltration. Trephine biopsy is essential for diagnosis when a 'dry tap'or ' blood tap' occurs as consequences of the marrow being fibrotic or very densely cellular.