2015Physical Review AOpen access

Mean-field predictions for a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate with Dy164

Damir Zajec, Günter Wunner

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Abstract

Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates are systems well suited for the investigation of effects caused by the nonlocal and anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction. In this paper we are interested in properties which are directly connected to the realization of a condensate with $^{164}\mathrm{Dy}$, such as stability and phase diagrams. Additionally, we study the expansion of dipolar condensates and find signatures of the dipole-dipole interaction in terms of structured states and a deviation of the well-known inversion of the aspect ratio of the cloud during a time of flight. Our analysis is based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which we solve numerically exactly on a grid by means of an imaginary- and real-time evolution.

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Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates are systems well suited for the investigation of effects caused by the nonlocal and anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction. In this paper we are interested in properties which are directly connected to the realization of a condensate with $^{164}\mathrm{Dy}$, such as stability and phase diagrams. Additionally, we study the expansion of dipolar condensates and find signatures of the dipole-dipole interaction in terms of structured states and a deviation of the well-known inversion of the aspect ratio of the cloud during a time of flight. Our analysis is based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which we solve numerically exactly on a grid by means of an imaginary- and real-time evolution.

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Available abstract

Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates are systems well suited for the investigation of effects caused by the nonlocal and anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction. In this paper we are interested in properties which are directly connected to the realization of a condensate with $^{164}\mathrm{Dy}$, such as stability and phase diagrams. Additionally, we study the expansion of dipolar condensates and find signatures of the dipole-dipole interaction in terms of structured states and a deviation of the well-known inversion of the aspect ratio of the cloud during a time of flight. Our analysis is based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which we solve numerically exactly on a grid by means of an imaginary- and real-time evolution.

Key concepts: Dipole, Bose–Einstein condensate, Physics, Mean field theory, Anisotropy, Realization (probability), Statistical physics, Mathematical physics

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