Allelopathic Effects of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia var. elatior) on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Crops and Weeds

돼지풀의 추출물에 의한 잡초의 발아와 토양혼입에 따른 작물 및 잡초의 초기생육을 조사하였다. 돼지풀의 잎 추출물은 줄기 및 뿌리 추출물보다 잡초의 발아를 억제시켰으며, 5%농도에서 돌피, 바랭이 및 금방동사니의 발아율은 각각 23.0, 19.5 및 9.2%로 대조구와 비교하여 각각 68.3, 74.7 및 87.3% 억제되었다. 이러한 경향은 돼지풀의 혼입에 의한 작물과 잡초의 출아율에서도 비슷하게 나타났는데 출아 억제효과는 돌피보다 바랭이와 금방동사니에서 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 돼지풀의 혼입은 콩과 옥수수의 출아에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 돼지풀의 잎 혼입량이 5%까지 증가함에 따라 돌피, 바랭이, 금방동사니의 초장은 대조구와 비교하여 각각 48, 63 및 66% 억제되었다. 돼지풀 혼입에 따른 잡초의 생육으로 돌피, 바랭이 및 금방동사니의 건물중은 대조구와 비교하여 각각 72, 78 및 71% 억제되었다. Competitive ability, allelopathy, made the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior ) one of the most dangerous weeds in Korea. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of common ragweed as test species under laboratory bioassay and glasshouse conditions. Inhibition effect of the leaf extract was higher than that of stem and root parts extracts on germination and seedling growth of weeds. The 5% concentration of leaf extract of common ragweed inhibited the germination rate of Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Cyperus microiria by 68.3, 74.6 and 87.3%, respectively, as compared to the control. Generally, increasing incorporation concentration inhibited seedling growth of weeds. Incorporation of 5% common ragweed residue significantly reduced the plant length of E. crus-galli, D. sanguinalis and C. microiria by 48, 63 and 68%, respectively, as compared to the control. Also, the values of dry weight were 72, 78 and 71%, respectively. Contrarily, the emergence rate of soybean and corn was not affected by the incorporation of 5% concentration of common ragweed residue. However, the dry weight was inhibited by 37 and 28%, respectively. These results suggest that common ragweed had the ability to control some weed species using toxic compounds like natural herbicide.