1996Environmental Toxicology and ChemistryOpen access

Assessing the ecological risk of metals in sediments

Gerald T. Ankley, Dominic M. Di Toro, David J. Hansen, Walter Berry

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Environmental Toxicology and ChemistryVolume 15, Issue 12 p. 2053-2055 EditorialFree Access Assessing the ecological risk of metals in sediments G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1996 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620151201Citations: 37AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, M. B. Hinks, S. M. Mayr and M. S. Redmond. 1990. Toxicity of cadmium in sediments: The role of acid volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9: 1487– 1502. 2 Adams, W. J., R. A. Klmerle and R. G. Mosher. 1985. Aquatic safety assessment of chemicals sorbed to sediments. In R. D. Cardwell, R. Purdy and R. C. Bahner, eds., Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Seventh Symposium. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 429– 453. 3 Swartz, R. C., G. R. Ditsworth, D. W. Schults and J. O. Lamberson. 1985. Sediment toxicity to a marine infaunal amphipod: Cadmium and its interaction with sewage sludge. Mar. Environ. Res. 18: 133– 153. 4 Di Toro, D. M., C. Zarba, D. J. Hansen, R. C. Swartz, C. E. Cowan, H. E. Allen, N. A. Thomas, P. R. Paquin and W. J. Berry. 1991. Technical basis for establishing sediment quality criteria for non-ionic organic chemicals using equilibrium partitioning. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1541– 1583. 5 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, A. R. Carlson and G. T. Ankley. Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26: 96– 101. 6 Ankley, G. T., G. L. Phipps, E. N. Leonard, D. A. Benoit, V. R. Mattson, P. A. Kosian, A. M. Cotter, J. R. Dierkes, D. J. Hansen and J. D. Mahony. 1991. Acid volatile sulfide as a factor mediating cadmium and nickel bioavailability in contaminated sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1299– 1307. 7 Ankley, G. T., V. R. Mattson, E. N. Leonard, C. W. West and J. L. Bennett. 1993. Predicting the acute toxicity of copper in freshwater sediments: Evaluation of the role of acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 315– 320. 8 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, R. A. Swartz, R. A. Hoke, N. A. Thomas, A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen and C. S. Zarba. 1994. Assessing the potential bioavailability of metals in sediments: A proposed approach. Environ. Manage. 18: 331– 337. 9 Hare, L., R Carignan and M. A. Huerta-Diaz. 1994. An experimental study of metal toxicity and accumulation by benthic invertebrates: Implications for the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) model. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 1653– 1668. 10 Allen, H. E., G. Fu and B. Deng. 1993. Analysis of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) for the estimation of potential toxicity in aquatic sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 1– 13. 11 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. Equilibrium partitioning approach to predicting metal bioavailability in sediments and the derivation of sediment quality criteria for metals. Vol 1.–Briefing report to the Science Advisory Board. EPA 822-D-94-002. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. 12 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1995. An SAB report: Review of the agencies approach for developing sediment criteria for five metals. EPA-SAB-EPEC-95-020. Office of Water, Washington, DC. 13 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. Technical basis and proposal for deriving sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2056– 2066. 14 Berry, W. J., D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, D. L. Robson, D. M. Di Toro, B. P. Shipley, B. Rogers, J. M. Corbin and W. S. Boothman. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-spiked laboratory sediments using acid-volatile and interstitial water normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2067– 2079. 15 Hansen, D. J., W. J. Berry, J. D. Mahony, W. S. Boothman, D. M. Di Toro, D. L. Robson, G. T. Ankley, D. Ma, Q. Yan and D. E. Pesch. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-contaminated field sediments using interstitial concentrations of metals and acid-volatile sulfide normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2080– 2094. 16 DeWitt, T. H., R. C. Swartz, D. J. Hansen, D. McGovern and W. J. Berry. 1996. Bioavailability and chronic toxicity of cadmium in sediment to the estuarine amphipod, Leptocheirus plumulosus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2095– 2101. 17 Sibley, P. K., G. T. Ankley, A. M. Cotter and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Predicting chronic toxicity of sediments spiked with zinc: An evaluation of the acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) model using a life-cycle test with the midge Chironomus tentans. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2102– 2112. 18 Liber, K., D. J. Call, T. P. Markee, K. I. Schmude, M. D. Balcer, F. W. Whiteman and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on zinc bioavailability and toxicity to benthic macroin-vertebrates: A spiked-sediment field experiment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2113– 2125. 19 Hansen, D. J., J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, S. J. Benyi, J. M. Corbin, S. D. Pratt, D. M. Di Toro and M. B. Able. 1996. Chronic effect of cadmium in sediments on colonization by benthic marine organisms: An evaluation of the role of interstitial cadmium and acid-volatile sulfide in biological availability. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2126– 2137. 20 Ankley, G. T.. 1996. Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulfide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2138– 2146. 21 Peterson, G. S., G. T. Ankley and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on metal-sulfide oxidation in surficial freshwater sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2147– 2155. 22 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony and A. M. Gonzalez. 1996. Particle oxidation model of synthetic FeS and sediment AVS. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2156– 2167. 23 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. A model of the oxidation of iron and cadmium sulfide in sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2168– 2186. 24 Mahony, J. D., D. M. Di Toro, A. M. Gonzalez, M. Curto, M. Dilg, L. D. De Rosa and L. A. Sparrow. 1996. Partitioning of metals to sediment organic carbon. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2187– 2197. 25 Hassan, S. M., A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen., D. M. Di Toro and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Estimation of partition coefficients for five trace metals in sandy sediments and application to sediment quality criteria. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2198– 2208. 26 Gonzalez, A.M. 1996. A laboratory-formulated sediment incorporating synthetic acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2209– 2220. 27 Leonard, E. N., G. T. Ankley and R. A. Hoke. 1996. Evaluation of metals in marine and freshwater surficial sediments from the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program relative to proposed sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2221– 2232. Citing Literature Volume15, Issue12December 1996Pages 2053-2055 ReferencesRelatedInformation

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Environmental Toxicology and ChemistryVolume 15, Issue 12 p. 2053-2055 EditorialFree Access Assessing the ecological risk of metals in sediments G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1996 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620151201Citations: 37AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, M. B. Hinks, S. M. Mayr and M. S. Redmond. 1990. Toxicity of cadmium in sediments: The role of acid volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9: 1487– 1502. 2 Adams, W. J., R. A. Klmerle and R. G. Mosher. 1985. Aquatic safety assessment of chemicals sorbed to sediments. In R. D. Cardwell, R. Purdy and R. C. Bahner, eds., Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Seventh Symposium. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 429– 453. 3 Swartz, R. C., G. R. Ditsworth, D. W. Schults and J. O. Lamberson. 1985. Sediment toxicity to a marine infaunal amphipod: Cadmium and its interaction with sewage sludge. Mar. Environ. Res. 18: 133– 153. 4 Di Toro, D. M., C. Zarba, D. J. Hansen, R. C. Swartz, C. E. Cowan, H. E. Allen, N. A. Thomas, P. R. Paquin and W. J. Berry. 1991. Technical basis for establishing sediment quality criteria for non-ionic organic chemicals using equilibrium partitioning. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1541– 1583. 5 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, A. R. Carlson and G. T. Ankley. Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26: 96– 101. 6 Ankley, G. T., G. L. Phipps, E. N. Leonard, D. A. Benoit, V. R. Mattson, P. A. Kosian, A. M. Cotter, J. R. Dierkes, D. J. Hansen and J. D. Mahony. 1991. Acid volatile sulfide as a factor mediating cadmium and nickel bioavailability in contaminated sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1299– 1307. 7 Ankley, G. T., V. R. Mattson, E. N. Leonard, C. W. West and J. L. Bennett. 1993. Predicting the acute toxicity of copper in freshwater sediments: Evaluation of the role of acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 315– 320. 8 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, R. A. Swartz, R. A. Hoke, N. A. Thomas, A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen and C. S. Zarba. 1994. Assessing the potential bioavailability of metals in sediments: A proposed approach. Environ. Manage. 18: 331– 337. 9 Hare, L., R Carignan and M. A. Huerta-Diaz. 1994. An experimental study of metal toxicity and accumulation by benthic invertebrates: Implications for the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) model. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 1653– 1668. 10 Allen, H. E., G. Fu and B. Deng. 1993. Analysis of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) for the estimation of potential toxicity in aquatic sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 1– 13. 11 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. Equilibrium partitioning approach to predicting metal bioavailability in sediments and the derivation of sediment quality criteria for metals. Vol 1.–Briefing report to the Science Advisory Board. EPA 822-D-94-002. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. 12 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1995. An SAB report: Review of the agencies approach for developing sediment criteria for five metals. EPA-SAB-EPEC-95-020. Office of Water, Washington, DC. 13 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. Technical basis and proposal for deriving sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2056– 2066. 14 Berry, W. J., D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, D. L. Robson, D. M. Di Toro, B. P. Shipley, B. Rogers, J. M. Corbin and W. S. Boothman. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-spiked laboratory sediments using acid-volatile and interstitial water normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2067– 2079. 15 Hansen, D. J., W. J. Berry, J. D. Mahony, W. S. Boothman, D. M. Di Toro, D. L. Robson, G. T. Ankley, D. Ma, Q. Yan and D. E. Pesch. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-contaminated field sediments using interstitial concentrations of metals and acid-volatile sulfide normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2080– 2094. 16 DeWitt, T. H., R. C. Swartz, D. J. Hansen, D. McGovern and W. J. Berry. 1996. Bioavailability and chronic toxicity of cadmium in sediment to the estuarine amphipod, Leptocheirus plumulosus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2095– 2101. 17 Sibley, P. K., G. T. Ankley, A. M. Cotter and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Predicting chronic toxicity of sediments spiked with zinc: An evaluation of the acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) model using a life-cycle test with the midge Chironomus tentans. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2102– 2112. 18 Liber, K., D. J. Call, T. P. Markee, K. I. Schmude, M. D. Balcer, F. W. Whiteman and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on zinc bioavailability and toxicity to benthic macroin-vertebrates: A spiked-sediment field experiment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2113– 2125. 19 Hansen, D. J., J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, S. J. Benyi, J. M. Corbin, S. D. Pratt, D. M. Di Toro and M. B. Able. 1996. Chronic effect of cadmium in sediments on colonization by benthic marine organisms: An evaluation of the role of interstitial cadmium and acid-volatile sulfide in biological availability. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2126– 2137. 20 Ankley, G. T.. 1996. Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulfide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2138– 2146. 21 Peterson, G. S., G. T. Ankley and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on metal-sulfide oxidation in surficial freshwater sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2147– 2155. 22 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony and A. M. Gonzalez. 1996. Particle oxidation model of synthetic FeS and sediment AVS. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2156– 2167. 23 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. A model of the oxidation of iron and cadmium sulfide in sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2168– 2186. 24 Mahony, J. D., D. M. Di Toro, A. M. Gonzalez, M. Curto, M. Dilg, L. D. De Rosa and L. A. Sparrow. 1996. Partitioning of metals to sediment organic carbon. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2187– 2197. 25 Hassan, S. M., A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen., D. M. Di Toro and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Estimation of partition coefficients for five trace metals in sandy sediments and application to sediment quality criteria. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2198– 2208. 26 Gonzalez, A.M. 1996. A laboratory-formulated sediment incorporating synthetic acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2209– 2220. 27 Leonard, E. N., G. T. Ankley and R. A. Hoke. 1996. Evaluation of metals in marine and freshwater surficial sediments from the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program relative to proposed sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2221– 2232. Citing Literature Volume15, Issue12December 1996Pages 2053-2055 ReferencesRelatedInformation

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Environmental Toxicology and ChemistryVolume 15, Issue 12 p. 2053-2055 EditorialFree Access Assessing the ecological risk of metals in sediments G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author G.T. Ankley, G.T. Ankley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MinnesotaSearch for more papers by this authorD.M. Di Toro, D.M. Di Toro Hydroqual, Mahwah, New Jersey and Manhattan College, Bronx, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorD.J. Hansen, D.J. Hansen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this authorW.J. Berry, W.J. Berry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode IslandSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1996 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620151201Citations: 37AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, M. B. Hinks, S. M. Mayr and M. S. Redmond. 1990. Toxicity of cadmium in sediments: The role of acid volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9: 1487– 1502. 2 Adams, W. J., R. A. Klmerle and R. G. Mosher. 1985. Aquatic safety assessment of chemicals sorbed to sediments. In R. D. Cardwell, R. Purdy and R. C. Bahner, eds., Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Seventh Symposium. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 429– 453. 3 Swartz, R. C., G. R. Ditsworth, D. W. Schults and J. O. Lamberson. 1985. Sediment toxicity to a marine infaunal amphipod: Cadmium and its interaction with sewage sludge. Mar. Environ. Res. 18: 133– 153. 4 Di Toro, D. M., C. Zarba, D. J. Hansen, R. C. Swartz, C. E. Cowan, H. E. Allen, N. A. Thomas, P. R. Paquin and W. J. Berry. 1991. Technical basis for establishing sediment quality criteria for non-ionic organic chemicals using equilibrium partitioning. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1541– 1583. 5 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, A. R. Carlson and G. T. Ankley. Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26: 96– 101. 6 Ankley, G. T., G. L. Phipps, E. N. Leonard, D. A. Benoit, V. R. Mattson, P. A. Kosian, A. M. Cotter, J. R. Dierkes, D. J. Hansen and J. D. Mahony. 1991. Acid volatile sulfide as a factor mediating cadmium and nickel bioavailability in contaminated sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1299– 1307. 7 Ankley, G. T., V. R. Mattson, E. N. Leonard, C. W. West and J. L. Bennett. 1993. Predicting the acute toxicity of copper in freshwater sediments: Evaluation of the role of acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 315– 320. 8 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, R. A. Swartz, R. A. Hoke, N. A. Thomas, A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen and C. S. Zarba. 1994. Assessing the potential bioavailability of metals in sediments: A proposed approach. Environ. Manage. 18: 331– 337. 9 Hare, L., R Carignan and M. A. Huerta-Diaz. 1994. An experimental study of metal toxicity and accumulation by benthic invertebrates: Implications for the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) model. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 1653– 1668. 10 Allen, H. E., G. Fu and B. Deng. 1993. Analysis of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) for the estimation of potential toxicity in aquatic sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 1– 13. 11 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. Equilibrium partitioning approach to predicting metal bioavailability in sediments and the derivation of sediment quality criteria for metals. Vol 1.–Briefing report to the Science Advisory Board. EPA 822-D-94-002. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. 12 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1995. An SAB report: Review of the agencies approach for developing sediment criteria for five metals. EPA-SAB-EPEC-95-020. Office of Water, Washington, DC. 13 Ankley, G. T., D. M. Di Toro, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. Technical basis and proposal for deriving sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2056– 2066. 14 Berry, W. J., D. J. Hansen, J. D. Mahony, D. L. Robson, D. M. Di Toro, B. P. Shipley, B. Rogers, J. M. Corbin and W. S. Boothman. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-spiked laboratory sediments using acid-volatile and interstitial water normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2067– 2079. 15 Hansen, D. J., W. J. Berry, J. D. Mahony, W. S. Boothman, D. M. Di Toro, D. L. Robson, G. T. Ankley, D. Ma, Q. Yan and D. E. Pesch. 1996. Predicting the toxicity of metal-contaminated field sediments using interstitial concentrations of metals and acid-volatile sulfide normalizations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2080– 2094. 16 DeWitt, T. H., R. C. Swartz, D. J. Hansen, D. McGovern and W. J. Berry. 1996. Bioavailability and chronic toxicity of cadmium in sediment to the estuarine amphipod, Leptocheirus plumulosus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2095– 2101. 17 Sibley, P. K., G. T. Ankley, A. M. Cotter and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Predicting chronic toxicity of sediments spiked with zinc: An evaluation of the acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) model using a life-cycle test with the midge Chironomus tentans. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2102– 2112. 18 Liber, K., D. J. Call, T. P. Markee, K. I. Schmude, M. D. Balcer, F. W. Whiteman and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on zinc bioavailability and toxicity to benthic macroin-vertebrates: A spiked-sediment field experiment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2113– 2125. 19 Hansen, D. J., J. D. Mahony, W. J. Berry, S. J. Benyi, J. M. Corbin, S. D. Pratt, D. M. Di Toro and M. B. Able. 1996. Chronic effect of cadmium in sediments on colonization by benthic marine organisms: An evaluation of the role of interstitial cadmium and acid-volatile sulfide in biological availability. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2126– 2137. 20 Ankley, G. T.. 1996. Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulfide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2138– 2146. 21 Peterson, G. S., G. T. Ankley and E. N. Leonard. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on metal-sulfide oxidation in surficial freshwater sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2147– 2155. 22 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony and A. M. Gonzalez. 1996. Particle oxidation model of synthetic FeS and sediment AVS. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2156– 2167. 23 Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen and W. J. Berry. 1996. A model of the oxidation of iron and cadmium sulfide in sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2168– 2186. 24 Mahony, J. D., D. M. Di Toro, A. M. Gonzalez, M. Curto, M. Dilg, L. D. De Rosa and L. A. Sparrow. 1996. Partitioning of metals to sediment organic carbon. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2187– 2197. 25 Hassan, S. M., A. W. Garrison, H. E. Allen., D. M. Di Toro and G. T. Ankley. 1996. Estimation of partition coefficients for five trace metals in sandy sediments and application to sediment quality criteria. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2198– 2208. 26 Gonzalez, A.M. 1996. A laboratory-formulated sediment incorporating synthetic acid-volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2209– 2220. 27 Leonard, E. N., G. T. Ankley and R. A. Hoke. 1996. Evaluation of metals in marine and freshwater surficial sediments from the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program relative to proposed sediment quality criteria for metals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15: 2221– 2232. Citing Literature Volume15, Issue12December 1996Pages 2053-2055 ReferencesRelatedInformation

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