Understanding Metaphor in Literature: An Empirical Approach

Part 1 Reader, text and context: from metaphor as cognition to metaphor in discourse processing - the cognitive turn, conceptual and linguistic metaphor - a structural view, metaphor as non-literal analogical mapping - a processing view, analogical mappings in discourse processing, linguistic metaphor, conclusion metaphor in literary discourse processing - literary criticism and the psychology of reading, metaphor in literary discourse, typically literary metaphors, typically literary use of metaphors metaphor and literariness - attention to metaphor, effects of literary socialization and degree of metaphoricity. Part Two - Processes: aspects of metaphor understanding - aspects of text processing, metaphor in text processing, metaphor in literary text-processing metaphor processing in thinking out loud - thinking out loud in the empirical study of literature, pilot studies in thinking out loud metaphor processing in literature and journalism - introduction, method, results, discussion, additional analyses - textual interest and reader performance in thinking out loud. Part Three - Properties: dimensions of metaphor - metaphors and types of discourse, the role of the text, dimensions of metaphor, metaphors in science and literature, poetic and constructed metaphors, conclusion - literary and non-literary metaphor literary and journalistic metaphors - dimensions and properties of 96 English-language metaphors, a follow-up study with 164 Dutch metaphors properties and processes - metaphor properties, properties and processes in underlining, properties and processes in thinking out loud conclusion - understanding metaphor in literature.