Impaired response to killed Newcastle disease vaccine in chicken possessing circulating antibody to chicken Anaemia agent

Broiler breeder hens from the same hatch were reared as two separate flocks, one in the field and one in experimental accommodation. Both received the same vaccination programme using the same batches of vaccines. One flock showed serological evidence of infection with chicken anaemia agent starting at 8 weeks, the other starting at 22 weeks old. Newcastle disease mean antibody titres 4 weeks after killed vaccine injected at 18 or 19 weeks old were 4.6 logs lower in the flock showing chicken anaemia agent antibody from 8 weeks old than in the flock seroconverting at 22 weeks. Three other field flocks showing poor responses to killed Newcastle disease vaccines were examined and found to be chicken anaemia agent positive when vaccinated: a further three flocks showing good Newcastle disease antibody responses were shown to be chicken anaemia agent-antibody negative. No difference in response to infectious bronchitis or infectious bursal disease killed vaccines was demonstrable between the two trial flocks. The significance of chicken anaemia agent as a potential immunosuppressive agent for chickens is discussed with special reference to the control of Newcastle disease in laying and breeding hens.