Research on Impact of Disasters of Flood and Drought on Rural Safe Drinking Water in China

Rural safe drinking water is the core of the rural livelihood issues, but vulnerable to the impact of floods and droughts. Based on actual statistics, the impact of floods and droughts on rural safe drinking water is analysed. The average population of rural drinking water problems amounts to 27.75 million from 1991 to 2010, accumulative total 555.04 million. There are 7 years of rural drinking water problems more than 30 million, accounting for 35%. The number of rural drinking water problems in 2010 amounted to 23.35 million in 5 provinces of southwest China, accounting for 70.2% of the whole country. The average quantity of drinking water problems for rural livestock amounts to 21.54 million from 1991 to 2010, accumulative total 430.84 million big animals and livestock. There is the most serious stage of rural drinking water problems from 1991 to 1994 in the last 20 years. The drought mainly affects quantity of rural drinking water, flood impacts on water quality. Floods on rural drinking water quality is mainly surface water and shallow groundwater, mainly biological pollution and pathogens pollution, the deep groundwater almost made no difference.