On the Effects of Excited States of Nucleons upon Static Nuclear Potential in Symmetrical Pseudoscalar Meson Theory, I: Derivation of Nuclear Potential and Qualitative Conclusions

The effects of excited states of nucleons upon static nuclear potential in symmetrical pseudoscalar meson theory are investigated. An additional interaction Hamiltonian is introduced, according to which a nucleon can make a transition from its ground states to the excited one of both spin and isotopic spin 3/2, or vice versa. The fourth order perturbation contribution of this Hamiltonian is calculated in the non relativistic and static approximations for nucleons. The effects of excited states prove to be very large. The derived nuclear potential contains generally a very strong attractive central force and a very small tensor force of various signs, both of which have very high singularities at the origin. The most interesting feature is that the effects are much larger for charge triplet states than for charge singlet states. The derived nuclear potentials are summarized in the final section with the interesting five qualitative conclusions. The quantitative investigations of the potentials here derived will be given in detail in the subsequent paper (part II).