Social Studies as Citizenship Education in English Canada: A Review of Research

Social studies in North America has most often been defined as being fundamentally concerned with preparing students for participation in civic life. Much of the research on citizenship education, however, has been conducted in the United States. Many of the findings of this research have often been applied to Canadian situations despite different political structures and understandings of citizenship in the two nations. In this article, I review the research on citizenship education in English Canada that has been conducted since Hodgett's landmark 1988 study What Culture? What Heritage? A summary of research findings and suggestions for further research are provided.