Radiation reaction on charged particles in three-dimensional motion in classical and quantum electrodynamics

We extend our previous work [A. Higuchi and G. D. R. Martin, Found. Phys. 35, 1149 (2005)], which compared the predictions of quantum electrodynamics concerning radiation reaction with those of the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac theory for a charged particle in linear motion. Specifically, we calculate the predictions for the change in position of a charged-scalar particle, moving in three-dimensional space, due to the effect of radiation reaction in the one-photon-emission process in quantum electrodynamics. The scalar particle is assumed to be accelerated for a finite period of time by a three-dimensional electromagnetic potential dependent only on one of the spacetime coordinates. We perform this calculation in the $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit and show that the change in position agrees with that obtained in classical electrodynamics with the Lorentz-Dirac force treated as a perturbation. We also show for a time-dependent but space-independent electromagnetic potential that the forward-scattering amplitude at order ${e}^{2}$ does not contribute to the position change in the $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit after the mass renormalization is taken into account.