Simulation of Plastic Hinges in FRP-Plated RC Beams

Structural engineers inherently rely on the ductility of a member to absorb energy, give prior warning of failure, control the drift of columns, and redistribute moments in beams. However, quantifying the ductility of reinforced concrete members has been a seemingly difficult or even intractable structural engineering problem mainly because of the softening characteristics of concrete. In this paper, a numerical model of the hinge region of a reinforced concrete beam bonded with fiber reinforced fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tension face plates is described, which simulates four mechanisms that contribute to the rotation of the member and, significantly, defines the limit to rotation imposed by concrete softening.