Regulation of catalase‐specific mRNA and its processing during development in mice

Abstract This study deals with the pattern of developmental expression of the catalase gene in mice. We have used a mouse catalase 2 kb cDNA (pMCT‐1) and its 1.4 kb 5′ fragment as probes to characterize the transcripts during embryonic development and differentiation. Total RNA was isolated from 8 days postconceptus (p.c.) whole embryos and from livers and carcasses of 13, 15, and 18 day p.c. embryos as well as from the livers of newborn and adult mice of the S.W. strain. The RNA was applied on slot blots, and run on agarose gels to generate northern blots. Blots were hybridized with the 32P‐labeled cDNA probe under different stringency conditions. Autoradiograms were scanned with a densitometer to quantify relative hybridization signals of RNA samples obtained from two or three individual mice representing each stage of development. The catalase transcript is detectable as early as 8 days p.c. with the beginning of somite formation. At this stage, it is primarily in the form of a 12.2 kb transcript. One additional band (2.4 kb) is also apparent at this stage although at a very low intensity. The intensity of the two bands increases with development, particularly during 13‐18 days p.c. in liver and carcass. The 2.4 kb RNA band increases sharply from day 8 through 13, 15, and 18 days p.c. and is confined primarily to the liver. Interestingly, only the 2.4 kb RNA band is seen at and after birth. The 2.4 kb RNA is the known mature message of the catalase gene in mice. The presence of large catalase‐specific RNA species (seen during development in utero only) is interpreted as the primary transcript of this gene. The complete and efficient processing of this primary transcript takes place only after birth and primarily in the liver, which may be related to the physiological role of this enzyme in oxygen metabolism, particularly stressful superoxides, expected with independent respiration. At a lower stringency wash of the northern blots, a 9.5 kb RNA was seen during a narrow window of in utero development. This 9.5 kb band may represent an uncharacterized catalase‐related gene with a possible role in development and differentiation.