Fetoscopic Laser Surgery for Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome after 26 Weeks of Gestation

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) cases treated with fetoscopic laser coagulation of vascular anastomoses before 25 + 6 weeks of gestation and between 26 and 28 weeks of gestation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 28 consecutive cases of TTTS at Quintero stages II-IV treated with laser therapy between 26 + 0 and 28 + 6 weeks of gestation were compared with 324 cases treated between 15 + 0 and 25 + 6 weeks during a 3-year period in two centers. The following data were recorded and compared: duration of the fetoscopy, rate of complications (preterm labor before 28 weeks and before 32 weeks, chorioamnionitis, twin anemia-polycythemia syndrome and recurrent TTTS), gestational age at delivery and neonatal survival rate. RESULTS: The study groups were similar as regards Quintero staging and the frequency of anterior placental location (50.0 vs. 47.8%, p = 0.85 in late and conventional laser, respectively). There were no significant differences in the duration of surgery (29 vs. 30, p = 0.27, respectively) and in the rates of any of the complications evaluated. Gestational age at delivery (33 vs. 33.3 weeks, p = 0.69) and neonatal survival of at least one fetus (92.3 vs. 88.6%, p = 0.24) were also similar. CONCLUSION: Fetoscopic laser coagulation for TTTS performed between 26 + 0 and 28 + 6 weeks of gestation was associated with similar outcomes as those observed in cases treated before 26 weeks.