1996Journal of the American Chemical SocietyRequires access

EXAFS Investigation of Inner- and Outer-Sphere Chloroaquo Complexes of Cr3+ in Aqueous Solutions

Sofía Díaz‐Moreno, Adela Muñoz-Páez, José M. Martı́nez, Rafael R. Pappalardo, Enrique Sánchez Marcos

Open publisher page 45 citations

Abstract

The structure of four solutions containing the isolated chromochloroaquo complexes, [CrCl n (H 2 O) 6 - n ] (3 - n )+ ( n = 1−3), have been investigated with the aid of EXAFS. Synthesis and isolation processes are described. In the inner-sphere complexes, Cr 3+ ions are surrounded by 5H 2 O + 1Cl - (species [I], 1 m ), 4H 2 O + 2Cl - (species [II], 1 and 0.005 m ), and 3H 2 O + 3Cl - (species [III], 0.005 m ), with Cr−O and Cr−Cl average distances of 2.00 and 2.30 Å, respectively. In the four solutions a second coordination sphere is detected between 3.9 and 4.5 Å. In solution containing species [I], this sphere is formed by water molecules (∼14) at 3.97 Å, whereas for solutions containing [II] and [III], several outer-sphere chloride anions are detected. For species [II] the second coordination sphere is formed by 3.3 (1 m ) or 4.9 (0.005 m ) chloride ligands, depending upon concentration of the complex, at around 4.4 Å and by 8.0 (1 m ) or 7.2 (0.005 m ) water molecules at 3.9 Å. For species [III], where [HCl] = 12 M, this sphere is formed exclusively by seven chloride ligands at 4.3 Å.

About this research paper

What this paper is about

The structure of four solutions containing the isolated chromochloroaquo complexes, [CrCl n (H 2 O) 6 - n ] (3 - n )+ ( n = 1−3), have been investigated with the aid of EXAFS. Synthesis and isolation processes are described. In the inner-sphere complexes, Cr 3+ ions are surrounded by 5H 2 O + 1Cl - (species [I], 1 m ), 4H 2 O + 2Cl - (species [II], 1 and 0.005 m ), and 3H 2 O + 3Cl - (species [III], 0.005 m ), with Cr−O and Cr−Cl average distances of 2.00 and 2.30 Å, respectively. In the four solutions a second coordination sphere is detected between 3.9 and 4.5 Å. In solution containing species [I], this sphere is formed by water molecules (∼14) at 3.97 Å, whereas for solutions containing [II] and [III], several outer-sphere chloride anions are detected. For species [II] the second coordination sphere is formed by 3.3 (1 m ) or 4.9 (0.005 m ) chloride ligands, depending upon concentration of the complex, at around 4.4 Å and by 8.0 (1 m ) or 7.2 (0.005 m ) water molecules at 3.9 Å. For species [III], where [HCl] = 12 M, this sphere is formed exclusively by seven chloride ligands at 4.3 Å.

Why it matters

OpenAlex reports 45 citations for this work. Citation counts describe recorded attention and do not establish research quality.

Key contribution

A contribution statement is not available in the OpenAlex record.

Method / approach

Method details are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Main findings

Findings are not separately available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Limitations

Limitations are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Applications

Application details are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Available abstract

The structure of four solutions containing the isolated chromochloroaquo complexes, [CrCl n (H 2 O) 6 - n ] (3 - n )+ ( n = 1−3), have been investigated with the aid of EXAFS. Synthesis and isolation processes are described. In the inner-sphere complexes, Cr 3+ ions are surrounded by 5H 2 O + 1Cl - (species [I], 1 m ), 4H 2 O + 2Cl - (species [II], 1 and 0.005 m ), and 3H 2 O + 3Cl - (species [III], 0.005 m ), with Cr−O and Cr−Cl average distances of 2.00 and 2.30 Å, respectively. In the four solutions a second coordination sphere is detected between 3.9 and 4.5 Å. In solution containing species [I], this sphere is formed by water molecules (∼14) at 3.97 Å, whereas for solutions containing [II] and [III], several outer-sphere chloride anions are detected. For species [II] the second coordination sphere is formed by 3.3 (1 m ) or 4.9 (0.005 m ) chloride ligands, depending upon concentration of the complex, at around 4.4 Å and by 8.0 (1 m ) or 7.2 (0.005 m ) water molecules at 3.9 Å. For species [III], where [HCl] = 12 M, this sphere is formed exclusively by seven chloride ligands at 4.3 Å.

Key concepts: Chemistry, Outer sphere electron transfer, Coordination sphere, Inner sphere electron transfer, Aqueous solution, Extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Chloride, Molecule

Related papers

Back to paper searchBrowse research topicsOriginal source
EXAFS Investigation of Inner- and Outer-Sphere Chloroaquo Complexes of Cr3+ in Aqueous Solutions — Research Paper | ScholarLens