Lack of repellency of three commercial ultrasonic devices to the German cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae)
Fangneng Huang, Bhadriraju Subramanyam
Abstract
Fangneng Huang, Bhadriraju Subramanyam
Abstract
AbstractThree commercial ultrasonic devices (A, B, and C) were tested for their ability to repel the German cockroach,Blattella germanica(L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae), in Plexiglas® enclosures. Device A generated peak frequencies at 26 kHz and 34 kHz, and produced a 95 ± 1 dB sound pressure level (SPL) at 50 cm distance (0 dB = 20 log10[20 μPa/ 20 μPa]). Device B generated peak frequencies at 27 kHz and 35 kHz, and produced a 92 ± 4 dB SPL. Device C generated a wide range of frequencies between 28–42 kHz and produced an 88 ± 2 dB SPL. Ultrasound from any of the three devices did not demonstrate sufficient repelling ability against the German cockroach in the tests. The result failed to provide evidence that ultrasonic technology could be used as an effective pest management tool to repel or eliminate the German cockroach.
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AbstractThree commercial ultrasonic devices (A, B, and C) were tested for their ability to repel the German cockroach,Blattella germanica(L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae), in Plexiglas® enclosures. Device A generated peak frequencies at 26 kHz and 34 kHz, and produced a 95 ± 1 dB sound pressure level (SPL) at 50 cm distance (0 dB = 20 log10[20 μPa/ 20 μPa]). Device B generated peak frequencies at 27 kHz and 35 kHz, and produced a 92 ± 4 dB SPL. Device C generated a wide range of frequencies between 28–42 kHz and produced an 88 ± 2 dB SPL. Ultrasound from any of the three devices did not demonstrate sufficient repelling ability against the German cockroach in the tests. The result failed to provide evidence that ultrasonic technology could be used as an effective pest management tool to repel or eliminate the German cockroach.
Key concepts: Blattodea, German cockroach, Cockroach, Ultrasonic sensor, Biology, Dictyoptera, Ultrasound, Materials science