Gain and bandwidth enhancement for a superconducting electrically small antenna

We present a technique that enhances the gain of a superconducting electrically small antenna by manipulating the electromagnetic (EM) near-fields on the antenna aperture to increase the effective aperture area. The antenna has a conducting split ring and three parasitic T-shaped conducting structures to manipulate its EM near-fields. When the distribution of the EM near-fields becomes uniform, the effective aperture area increases, enhancing the antenna gain and bandwidth. The concept proposed in this study is applicable to a single electronically small antenna as well as to an element of an antenna array.