Multidetector CT and MR Imaging Findings of Renal Vein Leiomyosarcoma with Both Extraluminal and Intraluminal Components: A Case Report

Leiomyosarcoma is the second most common primary retroperitoneal malignant tumor in adults, which commonly originates in the inferior vena cava (1). A leiomyosarcoma arising from the renal vein is particularly uncommon. After the first report of Varela and Garro in 1967, only about 30 cases have been reported in the published medical literature (2, 3). The renal vein leiomyosarcoma is grossly classified into three subtypes: completely extravascular; completely intravascular and mixed (1, 4). To the best of our knowledge, there have been only few reports detailing the imaging findings of renal leiomyosarcoma with both extraand intravascular components (1, 4). We report an uncommon case of left renal vein leiomyosarcoma with combined components, focusing on the multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and MR imaging findings with review of the literature. This case report was approved by the ethics committee at our institution and an informed consent was waived.