The Lateral Buttress: An Anatomic Feature of the Lumbar Pars Interarticularis

STUDY DESIGN: A morphometric study of the lateral buttress region of the lumbar pars interarticularis from L1-L5 on 10 dried lumbar spines was performed. OBJECTIVE: To qualitatively describe and quantitatively evaluate this portion of the pars and to discuss its clinical and surgical relevance. BACKGROUND: The "lateral buttress" is a bony bridge connecting the superolateral edge of the inferior facet to the pedicle/transverse process junction, offering structural support to the pars interarticularis at upper lumbar levels. To date, no anatomic study has evaluated this structure. METHODS: Direct measurements using vernier calipers were taken at each level, L1-L5, from 10 dried lumbar spines. Surface area of the buttress was calculated and compared statistically for differences between each level, as well as normalized relative to L3. RESULTS: The surface areas of the buttresses at L1-L3 were similar, measuring near 80 +/- 10 mm2. At L4, it measured 50 +/- 10 mm2. And at L5, it measured 15 +/- 5 mm2. These differences were statistically significant. Normalized data showed the buttress at L4 to be 40% smaller and at L5 to be 80% smaller than at upper levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides descriptive and anatomic data regarding the lateral buttress portion of lumbar pars interarticularis. The broad buttress of the upper lumbar levels offers support to the pars but can confuse anatomic guidelines for pedicle screw placement and paraspinal approaches. The narrow buttress of lower lumbar levels makes pedicle screw placement and the paraspinal approach easier, but it lessens support to the pars, making spondylolysis and iatrogenic instability more likely.