Simple and accurate nonlinear OTA macromodel for simulation of CMOS OTA-C active filters

In this paper a simple and accurate macromodel for symmetrical CMOS OTA is proposed. The derived macromodel is especially suitable for SPICE simulation of OTA-C active filters realized in CMOS technology. The OTA characteristics are simulated by using the new macromodel and compared with the simulation results obtained by SPICE device level models. The results show that the proposed OTA macromodel represents the symmetrical CMOS OTA approximately with the same accuracy of semiconductor SPICE device models, but with a significantly reduced computer time.