Left-handed material based on ferroelectric medium

Left-handed metamaterials always gain the electromagnetic properties from the structure rather than inherit them directly from the materials they are composed of. In this article, a metamaterial was made using split-ring resonators and slabs of ferroelectric materials, where negative permittivity was realized by intrinsic properties of ferroelectric materials. Using a waveguide-based retrieval method, the permittivity and permeability of the metamaterials were experimentally retrieved, showing successfully the left-handed behaviors of the metamaterial over certain frequency band.